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atten faire defeat 'fitta turnover nous AND BLASTER-MILL.

@te Saletta* rifletta it im fipa Etaient ittica mit mating :grat ci' tipinte.

TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it-known that I, S. W. POWELL, of. Brookville, in the county ofMontgomery, and State of Maryland, have invented a new and improved Millfor Crushing Bones, Plaster, and other substances; and I do herebydeclare that the following is a full, clear, and exact descriptionthereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making partof'this specification, in which-L Figure 1, sheet 1, is an elevation ofonel side of the in ill or crusher.

Figure 2, sheet 1, is a vertical section through the mill, taken in theplane indicated byline X in fig. 3 of sheet 2. l i

Figure 3, sheet 2, is a top view ofthe mill, as seen by removing itscover and the upper bearing ofthe spindle.

Figure 4, sheet 2, is a diametrioal section through the upperbearing-box of the spindle, enlarged.

Figure 5, sheet 2, .isa top view of the upper spindle-box and its chair.

Figure 6 is a diametrical section of the step for the spindle and itslubricating-box.

Figure 7 is a horizontal section talen through fig. 6 in 'the plane Y.'

Figure 8 is a perspective view of one of the hmmersor crushersand itsarm.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in theseveral-figures.

This .invention relatesto certain novel improvements on machinerywhichis'designed particularly for crushing, and reducing to powder, bones,plaster, hard guano, and 'other substances used for nianuring land andother purposes. f

One part of my invention relates to improvements on that -class ofcrushing or pulverizing-machines wherein the reduction of hardsubstances is effected by hammers striking against them with greatforce, such hammers being arranged within a hollow case, aud caused torotate with great velocity, so as to elect, by percussion,

what is sometimes effected by grinding. v

The nature of my invention consists in' the arrangement of one or morerevolving 'hammers having a rotary `motion in a horizontal plane withina perforated ring or case, :which latter is enclosed in a cylindricalcurb or shell in such manner as to leave a concentricl space or chamberbetween the said Vring and outer curb for receiving thecrushed substanceand allowing of its dischargefrom the machine by a series of revolvingclearers, as will be hereinafter described.

The invention also consists in so constructing the perforated ringthrough .which the crushed substance is forced,- and also the top andbottom portions of the outer case or curb, that when one portion of saidring becomes so muchl worn as to fail in the performance ofits object,it can be turned over and a new surface presentedas will be hereinafterdescribed. i I i It also consists in the arrangement of one or moreclearers within the vertical concentric chamber formed outside ofaperforated ring, said clearers receiving` acircular motion, 'and beingso constructed as to keep said chamber clearof the crushed substanceforced through the perforated divisional ring as will be hereinafterdescribed.

It also consists in the'einployment of crushing-hammers, which are soconstructed and applied to their arms that these hammers can be detachedfrom the said arms and reversed when one or more of their edges or surAfaces become too much worn, at the same time providingfor keeping thehammers' always in the same hori'" zontal compass, as will behereinafter described.

It also consists in providing for adjusting and setting the spindle,carrying 'the crushingarms and hammers;

so that` the axis of this spindle shall always coincide with the axis ofthe perforated ring, within which the hammers revolve, as' willbehereinafter described.

` It also consists in forming. a tapering journal upon the upper end ofthespindle of the hammerearms, and

in iitting. this tapering journal into a bushed cap, which is verticallyadjustable, and seated into a c liai'r upon the cap of the curb or othercase of .the machine, as will be hereinafter described. i

It also consists in a lubricating step-box, which is constructed in apeculiar manner, and seated in a chair upon the base of the mill, sothat it can be adjusted horizontally and xed in proper position, saidboi: being provided with a removable bushing and removable step, as willbe 'hereinafter described.

described.

It also consists in the employment of a hollow centre-feeding removablestep, as -will be hereinafterl tubular foot-piece, constructed as willlbe hereinafter described.

It also consists in so constructing the step-bcx'and arranging the step,the foot-piece on the spindle, and thejournal-box therein, that the oilin the step-box shall have access to theupper as well es the lower endsof the journal-box, as will be hereinafter described.

To enable others skilled in the art to understand my invention, I willdescribe its construction and operation.

In the construction of a machine for pulverizing substances bypercussion, it isv necessary to have tho crushing-devices revolve withgreat velocity. For this reason the frame of the machine should be madevery strong, and erected in a substantial manner, so that'there shall beas little vibration as possible. lThe frame which I'have shown in thedrawings consists of a numberof vertical pillars, which are mounted uponand rigidly secured to a base-plate, G, so as to stand at regularintervals apartaround this plate, as shown in igs.1 and 2. On top ofthese pillars H, and firmly secured thereto in a horizontal plane, isthe curb or case of the crushingdevices. This case consists of ashortcylinder, B, constructed with a bottom, B', in the upper surface ofwhich a circular concentric depression is made, which leaves an elevatedshoulder, a', within which a perforated ring, C, issnugly fitted, asshown in fig. 2. On topr of this cylindrical curb, and closely fittedthereon, is a cover` or cap, A, which is constructed With a concentricannular groove, a, in its bottom, of suihcient diameter to receive theupper edge of the perforated cylindrical' division C, and serve, inconjunction with the cir'culalshoulder a',

It also consists in providing the spindle which carries the crusherswith a removable hardened-metal and ,to hold said division C rmly inplace, in a position concentric to the axis of avertical spindle, D.This cap' or cover A is also constructed with a central hollowelevaton,A', the upper-.part of which has a circular chair formed on it forreceiving an adjustable journal-box, b', and holding this box inposition for receiving therupper end of the spindle D.` I This cap or'cover A is clampedor bolted down firmly in place upon its curb B in anysuitable manner which will admit of the removal of this lcover atpleasure. The cylindrical division C is con structed with both endsalike, so that when that portion ot`its interior surface which is in theplane ef the crushers becomes too much worn by the striking of the hardsubstances'being crushed against it, this ring can be turned over and anew surface presented in the plane of the hammers.

It will 'be seen, by reference to `tig. 2, that the ring or division Cis thickly perforated, the holes flaringl `outward so as to clear easilyof the pulvcrized substance forced through them'into an annular chamber,S; Ring C servesA as a meansof preventing the .escape o f the substancesbeing pulverized from the crushingchamber, which it encloses until suchsubstances are reduced to a powder fine enough to pass through thepcrforationsmade through this ring. Betweenlth'e'ring C and the curb orcasing B is an annular space, S, within` which revolve a number ofclearers, consisting of vertical rods having Scrapers or shovels, j, ontheir lower ends, which latter effect the discharge of the crushedsubstance from the machine through the spout Af. The vertical rodsf aresecured, at proper distances apart, to a horizontal toothed'ring, C1,which is supported upon anti-friction rollers, r. This ring is rotatedby means of'two pinion spur-wheels, C2 Cenclosed in cases, e,'and`arranged diametrically opposite each other, as. shown in figs. 2 and 3.The spur-wheels@ Ci are keyed upon vertical'shafts C3 C5, which havetheir bearings in the cover A and in brackets E2 E3. The shaft G3carries a belt-drum, E, which communicates motion'througha beltindicatedin red lines, fig'. 2, to a belt-drnm, E, which" is keyed onthe vertical shaft C5 of spur-wheel 0*. Shaft C3 is driven by abevel-spur wheel, E4, on a drivingshaft, F', which spur engages withteeth formed on the lower end of the belt-drum E. The shaft F' has'tsbearing in the bracket E3, and carries. belt-wheel, F, on 'its outerend, as shown in iig. 2. The spur-wheels G2 C4 and the drums E Ex beingconstructed precisely alike, they will rotate with the `same speed, andthus communicatey a regular rotary motion to the toothed ring carryingthe shovels or clearers. The substance which it is desired to reduce topowder is fed into the chamber, surrounded by ring C, through the hopperA and cylindrical elevation A, where-it is acted upon by a number ofradial arms, D', projecting horizontally from the spindle D. These armsbeing swiftly rotated, compel the substance brought in contact with themto iiy off toward the ring C, where itis repeatedly struck. by hammersd, upon said arms, until it is reduced to such a degree of iineness aswill'allow it to escape, through ring C, into the chamber S.

The radial arms D' are made very strong, so as to resist the iniiuenceswhich would otherwise cause them to break or ily, to pieces, and theends of these arms` are slightly enlarged, and constructed with verticalflat faces. Square holes are made through said arms, near their outerextremities, for receiving the square Shanks c of the hammers d, andallowing ofthe latter being secured in place, by means of keys, c",inserted through the said shanks. The face of each hammer d is square,e., it has four equal sides and four right angles, and the shank c2 ofeach hammer is located exactly in the centre of its back face. Thesehammers are applied to their arms D', so that their outer edges almosttouch the inner surface of the perforated ring C; consequently, if thehammers were made oblong, they couldl not be reversed, when one sido oredge wears away, as often as the square-faced hammers which I havedescribed and shown. The hammers 02, on account of their being made ofthe form shown, can be reversed four times before it is necessary toremove them and substitute new ones. In order to prevent undue wearingaway of the hammers, I shall face them with steel. The spindle D is sup`ported at its lower end-upon a step, 7i, and at its upper end by a capor journal-box, and at an intermediate point, between the step andbottom, B', of the curb, a belt-drum, F2, is keyed, by which motion canbe transmitted to said spindle from any convenient prime-motor. Thelower endof the spindle D'has a tapering socket made centrally in it,into which is inserted the tapering end of a cylindrical foot-piece, y.This foot-piece is' mede of steel, with its lower end rounded or convex,and it is bored out, as shown at g', so as to reduce the thickness ofmetal, and allow of its being chilled or hardened equally. Thelower endof this foot-piece rests upon tbe'upper convex end of a sit-ep, 7i,which is drilled ont,`as shown at h', tofacilitate the hardening of it,

and also to allow oil entering erossdioles z'z" to rise through itscentre, and lubricate the impingingpoints of the step and foot-piece, asshown in iigs. 2 and 6. This foot-piece h is also constructed withanenlarged shoulder,

8 j, upon it, whichrests upon the bottom oftheoil-cup L, andisv heldfirmly thereon bya key, e". The foot-piece gpasses through a box, L',which is lined with Babbitmetahp, andwhichis held in a central positionin this box, below its upper end, 4by means of threearms, whichaliovv'oil in cup L to risebetween them, and thus lubricate foot-piecesg, at both ends of said box. Cup L is suitably covered, and seated intoa circular flanged case, I,

the flange I of which is lsupported upon a chair, G, rising centrallyfrom the base-plate G. This flanged 'case I is supported by its chair insuch manner" that it is allowed to receive a horizontal adjustment foroentring the Y step and spindle with'respe'ct to the ring() and its curbB.V This adjustment is ciected by means of vthree setscrews s, (one ofwhich is shown in tig. 2,) which are tapped .through the chair G', atregular intervals apart,

. and in a horizontal plane. The `inner ends'ot` these screws s abutagainst the 4side of thecase I, and holdv itrmly in the desiredposition. The upper end of the spindle D is reduced and'tapered,as shownat cx', and iitted into a journal-box, bl, @whic'h is linedwithBabbitmetalc, that is heldin 'placein said box by means of a The bore ofthelined box bl ismade. to conform to the tapering jourualc, so that, bydepressing this box b', any wearing of the journal and its lining can becompensated for, and the parts kept in proper rung.

set-screw, t.

ning order. The box b is constructed with a circular anc'h, which istittedsnugly into aeircular recess formed in the head of the chair.Through this circular anch screws b3 are' tappedjwhich support the boxb1, upon the head and .admit of the vertical adjustment of this box, forth'e purpose described.- Said screws also admit of the-box b1 beingadjustedand set vertically'. The screws 6*, whichare also tapped throughthe -tlanoh of be; lil,- are tapped into the head b of the chair, forthe purpose of securing'the box 'downtirmly in place, after it has been4properly adjusted, by means of the set-screws b3.'- For lubricating theupper box b1, a cup may be applied on top'of it, whichwill contain oil,and also serve as a coverY for keeping out dust and other foreignsubstance.

Having thus given a' particular description of the several parts ofmyimproved machine, I will now briefly describe the operation of themachine. The substance which it is desired te crushv is fed into thespace encircled by the perforated ring or case C, through the hopper A2and hollow elevation A1, and, falling upon th rapidly-rotating arms D',this substancevwill b'e instantly thrown oft', and brought within thepath or circuit of the hammers d. Here the substance is repeatedlystruck by thel'hammers, and struck with such forceand rapidity that itis rapidlyreduced to powder. The perforated case C retains the substancewithin it V until reduced to such a degree of nenessvthat it will passthrough ,the outwardly-daring perforations through this case, which -itis caused to do by centrifugal force. After escaping through'the case C,the powdered substance is arrested in the annular chamber S, when itiscollected by the shovelsf and discharged from the machine through thespout A3, i uto suitable receptacles. Y

It will be seen that the perforated case C serves as a division, and airesisting object for the substances being crushed,`aud thereby keepsthem in position to -be acted upon by the hammers, and it also serves asa sieve or 4screen for allowing of `the separation of the powderfromvtheuncrushed lumps, duringthe operation of the machine. 'i i Havingdescribed my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure byLetters Patent, is

1. rllhe clearers or discharging-devices f, applied within a space, S,enclosed by the shells, C B, of a. crushing-machine, substantially asandfor the purpose described.

2. Applying the clearersj" to atoothed ring, C', which isl supportedwithin the annular space S, and drivenA by means substantiallyas'described `3. The reversible perforated case or division C, appliedto a machine operating substantiallyas described. 4, The construction ofthe cover A, with a centralfelevated, hollow enlargement Alfformingajchair for receiving a vertically-adjustable journal-box, whichsupports the upper end of the'spin'dle'l), substantially as I described.

5. The arrangement, within a perforated case,1C, of' o ne or morerevolving arms, carrying removable and reversible square-faced hammersd, substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

6. The vertically-adjustable journal-box b, supported upon a chairvformed ou cover A1, and adapted -for receiving the tapering end C of thespindle D, substantially in the manner and for the purpose described. f

7. The step It, constructed with perforations in it, substantially asdescribed. 8. The construction ofthe oil-cup L, for receiving the stepIt, and with a journal-box,'L\,'for receiainar the foot-piece g,substantially as described.

SAMUELv vv, POWELL.

Witnesses:l

B. Grnrm, Enw. Sonaraa.

